Why Leatherjackets Affect Grounds

Crane fly larvae, commonly referred to as grubs, exist in the upper layers of soil, where they damage grassroots and plant material. Their presence is most problematic in moderate seasons, and their activity can lead to fragile ground and weakened turf condition. Managed landscapes may become difficult to maintain without proper control.

How to Spot an Infestation

Identifying larvae before serious damage occurs is beneficial. Watch for signs such as bird pecking, thinned areas, and irregular surface wear. Cut small patches in the turf to observe larvae beneath. Conducting these checks during late winter supports better planning.

How the Seasons Influence Turf Health

Leatherjackets can continue feeding underground during milder winter spells. If they are not managed, the turf’s ability to recover in spring is limited. Maintenance scheduling based on weather conditions helps reduce pressure on affected areas.

Physical and Mechanical Solutions

Groundskeepers often begin with physical practices. Regular aeration encourages root growth and improves turf firmness. Raising mowing height during feeding periods can improve resilience, and rolling moist turf may expose larvae, leaving them open to natural predation. These approaches help maintain turf quality, even if they do not eradicate the pests.

Biological Pest Control

Nematodes, microscopic bioagents, offer a natural way to address larvae. They are most effective when applied during early autumn, under appropriate moisture and temperature conditions. When timed and applied correctly, they suppress larval numbers and allow the turf to regrow.

When to Use Approved Chemicals

In some cases—especially on high-demand surfaces—chemical treatment may be necessary. Registered turf protection products may be applied, but only according to current regulations. Blending chemical input with cultural and biological steps prevents overuse.

Avoiding Repeat Infestations

To minimise outbreaks in future seasons, aim to optimise drainage, support strong rooting, and maintain steady nutrient levels. Monitoring turf after crane fly emergence in late summer offers insight into larval activity levels for the months ahead.

Frequently Asked Questions

• When do leatherjackets feed the most?
  
  They tend to be active in greater numbers during mild periods in autumn and spring.



• How can I be sure I have a problem?
  
  Cut out a section of turf and count the number of larvae beneath. This provides a practical population check.



• Can nematodes survive in cold soil?
  
  No. They require moderate temperatures and soil moisture to be effective.



• Does mowing height matter?
  
  Yes. Leaving grass slightly longer during larval feeding helps reduce plant stress.



• Why are birds damaging my lawn?
  
  Birds often peck where larvae are present. Their behaviour can be an unintended clue of infestation.

Summary

Managing crane fly larvae requires a combination of early detection, well-timed treatment, and varied management strategies. By combining physical methods, biological control, and limited chemical use, turf conditions can be maintained throughout the year.

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